Elevatoe



UNITED STATESPATENT OFFICE.

nMILBAoHMANN, on New YORK, N. Y.

EL-EvAToR.

SPECIFICATION fermngpert ef Letters ratent No. 284,352, dated september4, 1883.

` Application filed .my 12, Issa (Ne model.)

To all whom may concern,.-

Beit known that I, EMIL BACHMANN, a citiinthe county and State of NewYork, have in` vented new and useful Improvements in Ele- 'vators, ofwhich the following is a speciiication.

- This invention relates to an improvementin elevators,whereby the dooror opening leading into the elevator is automatically opened and closed,so that accidents will be prevented, while the mechanism is soarrangedthat, i if desired, the opening leading into the elevator mayremain closedas, for example, when it is desired to have the elevatorpass saidopening without stopping.

Figure l'shows a view of the entrance to the elevator-hatchway and themechanism for operating the same. l Fig-2 is a section' in the plane xac, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 isa section in the plane z z, Fig. l. Fig. 4L is asection in the planeg/ y, Fig. 2. Fig. 5 represents a modificationhereinafter described. The remaining figures representmodicationshereinafter described.

Similar letters indicate corresponding parts.

The `letter A indicates the elevator, to which are attached the racks BDy indicates a door leading from a fioor of a building into theelevator-shaft.-

` i rack C is in gear with toothed wheels E F, so

that on revolving either of said wheels in the proper direction suchrevolution of the `wheel 'will cause the door D to slide back and giveaccess to the elevator-shaft.

To theelevator A, as stated,'are attached racks B B, which, upon therising and descending of the elevator A, come `into gear with toothedwheels G G, revolving on sleeves or tubular extensionsof the toothedwheelsE F,

buticapable of turning independently of saidwheels, Fig. 2. `On thesleeves or tubular eX,-

tensions of thewheelsE F, just referred to, are keyed or firmly mountedtoothed wheels H H, so that saidwheels HH and the wheels E F revolvetogether.` On one of the faces of each of the wheels G are pivotedpawls,which, by

suitable springs, areheld against the teeth of the wheels H, whichlatter teeth are undere cut, as seeninFig. l,V so that if either of thewheels G should be revolved `in a particular zen'of the United States,residing at New York,

Y direction the pawl will gear into theteeth of the particular wheel H,and cause said wheel H, and with it the particular toothed wheel E or F,to revolve, while if said wheel G is revolved in the opposite directionthe pawl is free to glide over the inclined faces of the teeth on theparticular wheel H withoutI compelling a revolution of the wheelxE or F.The result accomplished .by4 the arrangementl just described, as isseen, is aclutch mechanism, and

any other form of clutch mechanism which j will serve the same resultmay lof course be j substituted, as will suggest itself to a mechanic. ll

Taking the case of the elevator A rising or moving towardthe upper partof its shaft, it

will be seen from Fig. l that the rackB,whichextends above the floorofthe elevatorA a cerA tain distance, will, by reason ofthe clutch ded,vice just described, cause the wheel F to re volvein such* a directionas to open the door D, which latter result will have beenaccomplishedwhen the door of the elevator A is on a level with the floorof the passage shown as closed bythe door D. Upontheelevator risin gfarther, a spring coiled within the wheel F, Fig. 4, and which, by therevolution of the wheel F just described, has been put undertension,will cause a closing of thedoor D as soon gear with the toothedwheel G. Upon a descent of the elevator the rack B, extending bel lowthe floor `of the elevator A, will cause a revolution of, the wheel E,so as to have the door D open when the floor of the elevator is `evenwith the floor of thepassage of the door D, while the arrangement ofclutchmechair ism described leaves the upper rack, B, ineiiicient asregards the wheel F during the descent of the elevatorA, andaccomplishes alike result as regards the wheel E during the rising oftheelevator. It will be noticed that the revolution of the wheel E tooperate the rack C will, through the medium of said rack C, revolve thewheel F and put the spring therein contained, Fig. 4, under tension, sothat on the release of the mechanism said spring will close the door D,and "it is thus only necessary to have one wheel, F, provided with aclosing-spring, although two will give greater power. fSaid spring, Fig.4, as is seen, 1s at as the rack B, just mentioned, has passed out of i`C is a rack attached to said door, and which roo `one end iXed to thewheel F and at the other rigid bar, and on the opening ofthe door D a'recess or space must be provided for the movement of said rack C. Toeconomize space the rack C may be made in sections connectedbyknuckle-joints which yield in one direction only,so that the varioussections of the rack G, L'

device, as shown in Figs. 7 and 8, in which case in passing away fromthe wheel F during theI opening ofthe door D, will swing downward andhang in the elevator-shaft, while on the closing of the door sections ofthe rack G will be drawn over the wheels E F and resume the horizontalposition shown.

The racks B B are held on arms I I, Fig. 3, passing through openings invthe front ofthe elevator, and resting against springs Ii, which springs,L press the racks outward into position to,y gear with the wheels G.Should it be desired to have` the elevator pass on without opening thedoor D, the ropes or chains K, by

means of a handle, stirrup, or other appliance to be operated by thefoot or hand of the attendant, allow the racks B to be pulled inwardagainst the resistance of the springs L a sufficient distance to preventsaid racks B' gearing with the wheels G. Upon being released the springsL forcethe racks B outward again.

In the modification shown in Fig. 5 the racks B are replaced by teeth B,swinging on pivots in the bearings or bars M N, which bearings or barsare firmly fixed to the elevator A. The teeth B have arms or eXtensions,onV which hang, by pivots, the linksO I?, and by pulling the link Idownward and the link O'upward by the cords It, passing to the interiorof the elevator, the teeth BA will be turned about the pivots in thebars M1 N and drawn toward these bars M N, so as not to gear with thewheels G of Fig. 1. Upon rel leasing the cords It the weight of the linkO causes it to fall downward and into the 'position shown in Fig. 5,whilethe spring Scauses the link l? to rise and resume the positionshown in Fig. 5, by which movements the teeth B are forced outward andinto a position to near with the wheels G. The arrangement of Fig. 5also offers a substitutefor the clutching device shown in Fig. 1, as, onthe rising of the elevator, the ,teeth B on the bar M catch into thewheel G, which is now iXed firmly to the wheel F, and cause it torevolve and open the door D, while the teeth B on the bar N are presseddownward and caused to swing toward the bar N upon coming into Acontactwith the wheel G, now fixed to the wheel E, thus leaving the teeth B onthe bar N inefficient. Upon the descent of the elevator the teeth B onthe bar N act, while the teeth B on the bar M become inefficient, thusaccomplishing the same result of opening the door D. As alreadyremarked, when the teeth B- are left free, the weight of the link O andthe action of thespring S on the link I? always force the teeth Boutward into a position to act. As by my arrangement'the door D willonly be open when the elevator is in position before the passage c losedby said door, accidents will be 'avoided'.

I am aware that the Patent No. 257 ,182, of

`May 2, 1882, showstoothed wheels having clutches and racks to operatesaid toothed wheels and open an elevator-gate.

I may also simplify the construction of the the toothed wheels E F arereplaced by a single toothed wheel, E. Upon a sleeve eXtende y ing fromthis toothed wheel E, and which sleeve l is firmly attached to saidwheel E, or forms a part thereof, are mounted two toothed wheels, VG,whichare intended to gear `with the arms lof the rack B. The racks B arenow placed withv the teeth of said racks facing each other,'

and in such position that one of said racks gears into the teeth of oneof the wheels G at a point opposite to that at which the other .rack Bgears into the other wheel G, so that said racks, on the rising anddescending of the elevator, cause said wheels G to Arevolve 1n oppositedirections. The wheels G are mounted i, loosely on the sleeve of thewheel E, and con- `'nected with the same by roller-clutches T, as

shown in Fi g,r8, which is a section in the plane u f1), Fig. 7. Theseroller-clutches are respect- 3ively arranged so that the revolutions ofthe lwheels G G will cause the wheel E torevolve 3 in but onedirection-namely, that which is rei quired to .open the door D. Vhen anyone of the wheels G turns in the wrong direction, the roller-clutchespass out of action and allow the turning of the respective wheel Gwithout. affecting the wheel E.

By mounting both the actuating-wheels G upon a single wheel, E, thedevice is simplified, and the rack C, Fig. 1, may be considerably D isan indentation or hole, A', into which' catches a tongue or lug attachedto the under side of the arm N o'f the lever UW, swinging von a pivot,V. This pivot or fulerumV is attached to the wall or fixed part of theelevatorshaft. On the rising of the elevator an arm, Z, attached to theelevator catches under the finger Y and lifts the arm W, holding it upuntil the door D has begun to open. On the descent of the elevator asecond arm, corresponding to the arm Z, catches the finger X and pressesit down', thereby again lifting the IOO IIO

shortened, making ythe whole device cheaper arm V and releasing the doorby lifting ythe lug on the arm YV out' of the eye A. When said lug restsin the eye A', thedoor D is held v shut, as will be readily understood.The iingers-X Y are made yielding or springy, so that when the arm Z, orits corresponding arm, acting on the linger X, moves in the wrongdirection, the ngers X Y'will yield without breaking. Of course the armZ is placed above the floor of the elevator a certain distance, sothat`on the rising of the elevator the door D will"y be released before theelevator-door has risen to a level with the floor of the passage closedby the door D. -For a similar reason, the arm operating on the linger Xon the descent of the elevator extends a certain distance below theiioor of the elevator.

A similar arrangement to that for` drawing the racks B B inward and outof action, Fig. 3, may also be provided for drawing the arms acting onthe latching mechanism, Fig., 6, in

ward toward the elevator and out of action when-the elevator is to. passtheldoor D without unlatching.

The mechanismhas thus far been described in connection with an elevator;but itis evidentthat it canlbe otherwise applied-as, for example, theteeth or racks B B may be `applied to a railway-train and serve to openor y close the guard-gates at a station orcrossing;

or the device may be applied to other analogous uses.

The modification shown in Fig. 9 shows the movable teeth described inconnection with Fig. 5 applied to operate a single wheel, E, 7. Thisarrangement attainsa still further simplication, as but oneactuating-wheel G is in this case required, which may be firmly`connected with the wheel E, `both turning together.` In ascending, theteeth B pivoted on the bar M catch into the teeth of the wheel G andrevolve the same in the `direction of the arrow, while the teeth Bpivoted on the bar N glide over the teeth on the wheel G inefficiently.On the descent of the elevatorthe teeth B on the bar N turn the wheel Gin the same direction of the arrow,while the teeth B' on the bar M areinefficient.

the elevator. f

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination, with anelevator provided with racks B B, and a door,D, adapted to be operated by said racks, of gears with i which saidracks successively engage, substan tially as and for theV purposedescribed.

2. The combination, with an elevator prof vided with teeth B B, and adoor, D, adapted to be operatedby said teeth, of links O B, for puttingsaid teeth in to and out of gear, and pinions E F, with which they mayengage, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

cally opening and closing said door D,

The' door is` thusv opened both bythe rising and descending of The'elevatorracks B B provided with mechanism for putting saidracks into andout of gear, in combination with toothed wheels E F, provided withclutching mechanism, substantially as and for the purpose set forth. i4. The elevator-racks B B, provided with mechanism -for putting saidracks into and out of gear, in combination with toothed wheels E F,provided with a closing-spring, (one-or 70, more) substantially as andfor-the' purpose set forth. 5. The combination, with an elevator andwith a door, D, of mechanism for automatisaid mechanism adapted to bep11-t into or out of operation, substantially `as and for the pur- .poseset forth.-

6. The combination, with an elevator provided with teeth or racks B Band mechanism for putting said racks into and out of gear, of a toothedwheel, E, and actuatingwheels G G, mounted upon said toothed wheel lE,and adapted to be operated by said teeth or racks B B, for imparting amotion to said wheel E in but one direction, substantially as and forthe purpose set fort 7. In an elevator, the lever pivoted to a sta-4tionary part of the elevatorshaft, and having the lateral finger Y, anda tongue or lug adapted to engage an aperture in the upper edge of thedoor, in combination with the elevator- .car having an arm, Z,substantially as de# scribed.

8. The combinatiom with an elevator pro- 95 `vided with teeth B andlinks O-P, of a toothed wheel, E, and actuating-wheel G, mounted upon orconnected to said toothed wheel, and adapted to be operated by saidteeth B, for imparting a motion to said wheel E in but one Ioodirection, substantially as set forth.

f 9. rIhe combination, with an elevator provided with shifting teeth B,of a toothed wheel,

E, andV actuating-wheel G, mounted yupon or connectedV to said toothedwheel, and adapted to be operated by said teeth B, for imparting amotion to said wheel E in but one direction, substantially as set forth.

10. The combination, with an elevator provided with teeth or `racks B B,of a toothed 11o wheel, F, adapted to be operated by said racks,

and provided with a closing-spring', substantially as and for thepurpose set forth.

In testmony whereof I have hereunto set my handand seal in the presenceof two subscribing witnesses.

EMIL BACHMANN. [1.. s]

p' Witnesses:

W. C. HAUFF,

KASTENHUBER.

